Hi Rusty22, the guys are all right with their replies, for a little more info, yes you can run a smaller suction hose than a manufacturers recommendations but it will likely lead to cavitation of the pump, (basically pulling air out of the water) which creates wear to the impeller and vibration, all detrimental to the life of your pump.
Wherever possible run the suction pipe of a pump no smaller in diameter than the actual fitting on the inlet to the pump. Larger is always better with suction lines.
The discharge on the other hand can always be run smaller than the actual fitting size, Ie most firefighters around the 5-6.5hp range run a 1 1/2" inlet and a couple of 1" and larger outlets. It depends on how long this discharge pipe may be, as to how much performance you will lose.
A slight restriction on the discharge is good, pumps in general like a little back pressure on them, depending on their performance curve. Running with minimal back pressure also leads to cavitation and pump damage.
In essence if you ran a smaller suction line than recommended, you limit the capability of the pump to draw water in, so where it may lift water 6-7m maximum normally, it may only do 3-4 m with the smaller diameter inlet. It will cause damage ultimately in the form of excessive wear which will shorten the life of the pump.
For those a little technically minded, fit a pressure gauge to your pump's discharge port, look at the manufacturers performance curve and keep the pressure on the gauge somewhere around around the 1/4 to 3/4 position along the pump curve. This quarter to three quarters position on the pump curve needs to be read off on the vertical scale of the pump graph, which will usually be metres of head (mHd), PSI, Bar or kPa.)
This is within the normal operating ranges of most pumps and will keep your pump happy and living a long life!
Hope that helps a bit.......
Elusive